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Language:
𒀝𒅗𒁺𒌑
Series:
Part 34 of Akkadian Translations
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Published:
2025-08-10
Words:
655
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1/1
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Riḫiṣti Elep Ulu-Burun

Summary:

An Akkadian (Ancient Babylonian) translation of The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald, rewritten to center the events of the real-life Bronze Age Uluburun Shipwreck.

Notes:

The Uluburun (obviously not its original name) sank just off the coast of southern Turkey sometime in the late 14th century BCE. Given the extraordinarily international nature of the ship’s cargo, representing items from a dozen or more cultures, archaeologists have been unable to determine the origin of the ship or its sailors. It is most likely they were sailing from Egypt to a palace somewhere in Mycenaean Greece with diplomatic gifts, possibly with the blessings of Akhenaten and Nefertiti- a golden scarab with Nefertiti’s name was found in the wreckage. Mycenaean or Egyptian officials may have been aboard with the sailors.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uluburun_shipwreck

This song includes various references to the Mesopotamian gods Adad and Shamash, the gods of Storms and the Sunset respectively. They were considered brothers in the Mesopotamian pantheon, the sons of the Moon God Nanna.

(See the end of the work for more notes.)

Work Text:

zamārum iballuṭ, ša ezēz Adad, ina mātim ša erēb šamšim- The story lives, of the rage of the storm god, in the land of the sunset,

iwwû tāntum qeberša ul ipaṭṭar - They say the ocean does not release her victims,

bēt iwwalladū meḫ araḫ Ṭebētim - When the storms of november are given birth to,

itti buṭnī u būṣī, u kaspam u werâm- With terebinth resin and fine linen and copper and silver,

u dām erēnim rikbī kabtū- And cedar balsam the crew was weighed down,

šu eleppum damqum eṣentam kassat- That good ship was a chewed bone,

bēt meḫ araḫ Ṭebētim iḫtamṭū- When the storms of november came early.

 

Ḫarrānum annûm bālat mallāḫam- This journey was the captain’s pride,

ištu muṣur ina kaptarim iddekû- From egypt to crete they were summoned,

eli irtīšu kanzūzam ša ḫurāsim ilbaš- On his breast he wore a golden scarab,

ikkarib ina aššatum ša pir'û- Blessed by the wife of the pharaoh,

bēltum damiqtum Nefertiti- The beautiful lady Nefertiti

šunūti ḫurāsam udašši- She had provided them with gold,

ina alašia, ina Rodos illikū- From cyprus to rhodes they sailed,

ul īde ša šīmtam irdipšu- He knew not that fate pursued him.

 

gallāb šamê ina šaḫḫê iṣruḫ- The north wind in the sails cried out,

gillū eli aḫītim ibā’ūši- The waves overtook the side,

malāḫū kalušunu īdû- The sailors all knew,

ša ili anḫullim iltabbu- That the storm god howled,

mallāḫum šaḫḫītam ištu Rodos inē’- The captain turned the sailing vessel from Rodos,

ana māt likkim uba’i- He sought the land of the Lycians,

u mallāḫum ula, ula Utnapištim- But the captain was no Utnapištim,

u ziqziqqam ibā’šunūti- And the gale overtook them.

 

ana simin naptinim, nuḫatimmim īwu- At mealtime the cook said,

gillātum eli niāti u da’mā- The waves are stronger than us and dark,

ina mūši mašilim, da’ummum imqut- At midnight, darkness fell,

īwu aḫī, edi kunūti ṭāb- He said my brothers, the knowing of you was good,

malāḫum iṣruḫ, marratum īrub- The captain cried out, the ocean came in,

u eleppam ina puluḫtim- And the ship was in peril,

Ḫaramma, ina namārātam imqut- Later, in the third watch of the night she fell,

annum riḫiṣti elep ūlu Burun - That was the wreck of the ship Ulu Burun.

 

adi bēt râmam ilī illak, bēt agû- Whereto does the love of the gods go, when their wrath,

ikribī ana dāriš iturrū- Turns the prayers into eternity,

kala āmerū īwûšu šumma- The witnesses all said that if,

ḫamšā šārī illikū-ma ibtalṭū- They had gone 50 more hectares, they’d have lived,

pīqat muṣurī, pīqat ammurī - They may have been Egyptians, they may have been Amorites,

pīqat meluḫḫī u Ṣurrī- They may have been Meluhhans or Tyreans,

u šu, šu lā mammāna īdû - But that, that nobody knows,

u ašāssunu u māršunu- But their wives and their children.

 

nanna bukurša šamê iddinšu- Nanna gave his firstborn the heavens,

aḫūšu nūr šamšim innadin- His brother was given the light of the sun,

kiam aḫī kalašunu, iddukkū- Like all brothers they fight with each other,

šatu mūšam lāb šamê ibtā’šu- That night the lion of heaven defeated him,

bā’ir nūnī ana eleppašunu ilsumū- The fishermen ran for their boats,

ana Tarḫunna unninūšu- They prayed to Tarḫunna,

u edaniš šalamātim ītamrū- But they found only bodies,

u būṣī tābūtim ana gillī neqelpû- And fine linen floating on the waves.

 

ina āli bā’ir nūnī wabrī ispidū- In the fishermen’s village they mourned the strangers, 

awīlū ītamrū issamkū- The men they found they buried,

bēletšunu tādirtim izmuršunūti- Their lady of mourning sang of them,

ša kala rikbim ana ulu-burun!- Of all the crew of the ulu-burun

zamārum iballuṭ, ša ezēz adad, ina mātim ša ereb šamšim- The story lives, of the rage of the storm god, in the land of the sunset,

aḫi erēb šamšim qeberka ul ipaṭṭar - The sunset’s brother does not release his victims,

bēt meḫ araḫ Ṭebētim iḫammuṭū- When the storms of november come early…

Notes:

Logically it’s pretty unlikely for this song to have been sung in Akkadian- the sailors were likely from somewhere in the Eastern Mediterranean and the villagers would have spoken an ancestor of the Lycian language. It’s not IMPOSSIBLE given the amount of trade in this period, but oh well.

Araḫ Ṭebētum or the “Month of Mud” is the tenth month in the Babylonian lunarsolar calendar.

Utnapishtim was the legendary sailor who appears in the Epic of Gilgamesh, in the earliest known version of the Biblical Noah myth.

I’ve used Rodos as a name for the Island of Rhodes- the island has been inhabited since the Neolithic, but has no name preserved in sources from this time period.

The villagers on the Turkish coast would have been ancestors of the people later known as the Lycians. At the time the region was known as Lukka in Hittite and Egyptian sources.

Tarkhunna is the Hittite storm god and counterpart to the Mesopotamian Adad, some version of whom is attested in most ancient anatolian languages. We can’t be certain of the language and religion of the area this early on, Lukkans had extensive contact with the Hittite Empire and some of them may have worshipped Tarkhunna.

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